- Waterproofing is necessary to prevent water damage from influencing the deterioration of structures and materials, which can lead to very expensive repairs. Different approaches to and solutions for waterproofing exist based on the needs and contexts. Surface coatings are the most widely used methods.
1. Surface Coatings
Liquid Rubber: Applied as liquid; dries hard as flexible, integral membrane
Acrylics: Forms waterproof membrane that also can be made UV resistant
Epoxy Coatings: Very strong, hard, and waterproof barrier.
2. Membrane Systems
2.1. Bituminous Membranes- These are typically utilized in roofing and consist of either asphalt or tar.
2.2. Synthetic Membranes- Most often PVC or TPO, are used in roofing and below-grade.
2.3. Rubberized Membranes- Also flexible, usually used when there is a bad climatic condition.
3. Cementitious Waterproofing
3.1. Cement-based Coatings- Made in combination with waterproofing agents to create an impermeable layer.
Crystalline Waterproofing: Chemicals are applied that would react with the moisture to develop a crystalline structure within the concrete so that water paths are sealed.
4. Drainage Systems
French Drains: Water will be redirected away from foundations.
Drainage Mats: Applied at the wall surface; it will channel the water across a drain.
Weeping Tiles: A perforated pipe that would be installed at the bottom of the foundation to collect and move all the water away.
5. Sealants and Caulking
Silicone Sealants: They are flexible, durable. It will serve in various cracks and joints.
Polyurethane Sealants: Durable and can be applied under more exposure.
**6. Waterproofer Paints
Elastomeric Paints: They expand and contract with the substrate, forming a soft, yielding, and watertight membrane over it.
Masonry Paints: These are paints designed for porous surfaces, like concrete or brick.
**7. Foundation Waterproofing
External Waterproofing: This is to be applied outside walls of a foundation such that the water is kept at bay.
Internal Waterproofing: Those which fight water leak from the inside. This typically includes sump pumps and dehumidifiers .
**8. Roofing Solutions
Modified Bitumen: It is a type of roof structure made up of asphalt and modifiers. Provides better water resistance.
Metal Roofing: Product that insures to provide a water proofing seal when installed appropriately.
**9. Hydrostatic Pressure Solutions
Pressure Relief Systems: These are types of systems designed to handle the pressure hydrostatic exerts on basement walls and foundations.
Every one of these waterproofing techniques has different applications, advantages, and disadvantages. Its choice depends on various factors like types of structures, the prevailing climate in that region, or the level of water exposure.
